Rate of Reaction

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Reaction Rate

Rate of reaction refers to a reaction is taking place.
The rate of a chemical reaction is affected by the following factors.

The of the reactants, the tion of the reactants, the state of of the reactants, the tere and also if a is present.

By the nature of the reactants we usually refer to the when they are reacting. There are basically two types of reactions. ic reactions and ar reactions. In i reactions the reactions are . Virtually instantaneous. Take for example the reaction between ion (Ba 2+) and the ion (SO4 2-)under aqueous conditions. As soon as they and meet they are held strongly by . No bonds need to be first and no electrons need to be . It is simply the colliding or meeting of two charged ions with strong enough attraction.

lar reactions involving molecules however are . This is because they involve the and also the of bonds. Which means that bonds will need to be broken and new ones formed with the electrons been transferred. Take for example the between propane gas molecules and oxygen gas molecules. Unless they collide with to start a reaction nothing will happen. And when the energy is sufficient then the bonds and the gen bonds in propane will be n. The double bond will also be broken. New bonds will form producing carbon-dioxide and water.

The is also important. By entration we refer to the number of reactant particles in a restricted volume of space. Ten people in a football pitch running around are not likely to collide with each other very often. However in a small classroom they are more likely to collide. According to the reacting particles must col. So if the particles per unit volume is increased then the number of .

Also if the pressure of two reacting gases is then the reaction rate between them will increase . This is because the number of collisions has .

It makes sense to say that the will increase when the of each of the reactant particles are increased. An increase in the will also mean an increase in the and thus the rate of reaction will also increase.

Another important factor is the sion of the reactants. Take for instance a lump of sugar. It will compared to finely grained sugar. This is because finely grained sugar has than a solid lump of sugar of the same mass.

Because the is greater, the of water molecules colliding with the molecules of sugar is greater. In the lump of sugar only the sugar molecules on the surface of the lump are available. The others are well buried.

Another important factor is the erature. As temperature increases the particles as they have more energy. As a result of more kinetic energy the number of collisions per unit time will increase. This will be followed by an increase in the number of collisions and the result will be an of reaction.

Also the particles moving with greater will also collide with greater increasing the likelihood of successful collisions. This will also contribute to increase in rate of reaction.

We can also say that as ture is increased the number of reacting particles (or of particles ) with sufficient also increases. This will be followed by an increase in rate of reaction.

Finally the presence of sts can also help to reactions. They do not get consumed though. They work by required for successful collision and they are said to for the reaction.

 

 

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