ATOMIC STRUCTURE

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Which one of the following species has a different number of electrons from all the others?
1. Cl^-
2. Al³⁺
3. Ar
4. Ca²⁺
Which of the following elements has the lowest first ionisation energy?
1. K
2. Mg
3. Be
4. B
Which one of the following determines which element an atom will be?
1. Its number of protons
2. Its electric charge
3. Its number of neutrons
4. Its electron configuration
What is the maximum number of unpaired electrons possible in 3d orbitals?
1. 5
2. 10
3. 3
4. 6
Which statement best describes a covalent bond?
1. The atoms have formed an infinite network
2. The atoms have a noble gas electron configuration
3. There is simultaneous attraction of both nuclei to a shared electron pair
4. There is greater attraction of electrons to the more electronegative atom
Which one of the following statements is true?
1. H₂O is polar, but H₂S is non-polar
2. H₂O has a greater molecular polarity (dipole moment) than H₂S
3. The molecules H₂S and H₂O are both linear
4. The molecules H₂S and H₂O both have zero molecular polarity (dipole moment).
Which of the following has the highest first ionisation energy?
1. F
2. Mg
3. Si
4. S
An element Y has the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁵ and forms a compound XY² with element X. Which one of the following could be the electron configuration of X?
1. 1s²2s²
2. 1s²2s²2p¹
3. 1s²2s²2p²
4. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹
Which of the following substances contains dispersion forces?

I CO₂
II CH₃CH₂OH
III SiO₂
1. None of the given answers
2. I, II and III
3. I only
4. I and II only
Element A has the valence electron configuration of s² and element B has the valence electron configuration of s²p⁵. What will be the most likely formula of the compound formed between the two elements?
1. A₂B
2. AB
3. AB₂
4. AB₃
Species 'X' has the valence electron configuration of s², and 'Z' has the valence electron configuration of s²p⁵. Which of the following is the most likely formula of a compound formed between 'X' and 'Z' ?
1. X₂Z₇
2. XZ₂
3. X₂Z₅
4. XZ
How many orbitals can be found in the d subshell of the 3^rd principal energy level?
1. 8
2. 3
3. 5
4. 10
Which one of the following lists the attractive forces in decreasing order (strongest to weakest)?
1. hydrogen bonding > van der Waals forces > covalent bonding
2. hydrogen bonding > ionic bonding > dispersion forces
3. covalent network > dispersion forces > metallic bonding
4. covalent bonding > hydrogen bonding > dispersion forces
Which of the following is the electron configuration of N^3-?
1. 1s²2s²2p⁶
2. 1s²2s²2p³
3. 1s²2s²
4. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p¹
Which one of the properties of ammonia is not related to the hydrogen bonding between the molecules?
1. freezing point
2. vapour pressure
3. molar mass
4. solubility in water
Which one of the following electron configurations represents an element that forms a monoatomic ion with a charge of -2?
1. 1s²2s²2p²
2. 1s²2s²2p⁶
3. 1s²2s²2p⁴
4. 1s²2s²
Which one of the following statements about dispersion forces in a series of molecules is correct?
1. An increased molecular weight leads to a greater mass of the molecule and hence stronger dispersion forces
2. Larger electronegativity differences lead to stronger dispersion forces
3. The presence of an atom such as O or N bonded to H leads to stronger dispersion forces
4. An increased number of protons and electrons leads to stronger dispersion forces
An element 'X' forms a chloride XCl₃. Which can not be X?
1. N
2. Sr
3. Al
4. Fe
Which of the following 1.00 mol L^-1 aqueous solutions will conduct electricity?

I hydrogen chloride
II ethanol
III ammonia
IV sodium nitrate
1. I, III and IV only
2. I and IV only
3. IV only
4. I, II and IV only
Consider the following structures

Which of the following statements is true?
1. I and III are ions
2. II and III are ions
3. None of I, II and III are ions
4. I and II are ions
The table below gives information about three pure solids designated X,Y and Z.

X Y Z
Approximate Melting Point ^oC 800 3500 1500
Electrical Conductivity in the solid state nil moderate High
Electrical conductivity in the liquid (molten) state high cannot be easily treated high

Which one of the following describes the bonding present in the three substances?
1. X is ionic, Y is covalent network, Z is metallic
2. X is covalent molecular, Y is covalent network, Z is ionic
3. X is covalent molecular, Y is metallic, Z is ionic
4. X is ionic, Y is metallic, Z is metallic
Which one of the following is true of the atoms of a given element?
1. The number of protons must be greater than the number of neutrons
2. The number of neutrons must be greater than the number of electrons
3. The number of protons must be equal to the number of neutrons
4. The number of protons must be equal to the number of electrons
An element has the first five successive ionisation energies as shown on the graph.

Which one of the following is it?
1. neon
2. aluminium
3. calcium
4. carbon
Which one of the following compounds contains only ionic bonds?
1. HCl
2. NaH
3. CH₃OH
4. NaNO₃
In the graphite crystal lattice, what is the number of nearest covalently bonded neighbours for each carbon atom?
1. 5
2. 3
3. 6
4. 4
Which one of the following descriptions best applies to the term ' valence electrons'?
1. electrons which are lost when bonds form
2. electrons in the outer energy level
3. electrons which make up a noble gas electron configuration
4. electrons in the s and p orbitals
Which one of the following ions does not have the electronic configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶ ?
1. Cl^-
2. Ca²⁺
3. S^2-
4. Br^-
Which best describes the bonding between Mg and Cl?
1. Polyatomic ions exhibit covalent bonding between the atoms within the ion
2. There is a lattice of positive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
3. The atoms readily form ions which are attracted to each other
4. Mg and Cl form covalent bonds by sharing of electron pairs
Which one of the following may have 17 protons, 19 neutrons and 18 electrons?
1. Cl^-
2. K
3. K⁺
4. Cl
Which of the following arranges the substances in order of increasing ionisation energy?
1. F < S < Si < Mg
2. none of the given answers
3. Mg < S < Si < F
4. F < Mg < Si < S
On which one of the following does the type of bond formed between two atoms depend?
1. Their electronegativities
2. The melting and boiling point of the compound
3. Their atomic weights
4. The electrical conductivity of the compound
For an element X, the first five successive ionisation energies can be represented on the following graph.

What would be the formula of the compound formed when X reacts with chlorine?
1. XCl₂
2. XCl₄
3. XCl
4. XCl₃
Consider the following set of successive ionisation energies (MJ mol^-1).

0.74 ; 1.45 ; 7.73 ; 10.54 ; 13.63

Which of the following elements is most likely to have such a set of ionisation energies?
1. Mg
2. C
3. O
4. K
How many valence electrons are present in a nitrite ion NO₂^-?
1. 18
2. 17
3. 1
4. 24
Which one of the following may have 19 protons, 21 neutrons and 19 electrons?
1. K⁺
2. Sc
3. Ar
4. K
In which one of the following is the solid state maintained only by covalent bonding?
1. NH₄Cl(s)
2. CO₂(s)
3. H₂O(s)
4. SiO₂(s)
In which one of the following substances is hydrogen bonding th main intermolecular force at room temperature?
1. methane
2. hydrogen sulphide
3. hydrogen bromide
4. ethanol
Which of the following will have the highest melting point?
1. carbon dioxide
2. sulfur dioxide
3. nitrogen dioxide
4. silicon dioxide
Which one of the following statements about graphite and diamond is true?
1. They have the same degree of hardness
2. They have the same electrical conductivity
3. They can undergo the same chemical reactions
4. They have the same crystal lattice structure
Which one of the following compounds contains only covalent bonds between its atoms?
1. KNO₃
2. NH₄Cl
3. NaCl
4. CO₂

	X	Y	Z
Approximate Melting Point ^oC	800	3500	1500
Electrical Conductivity in the solid state	nil	moderate	High
Electrical conductivity in the liquid (molten) state	high	cannot be easily treated	high

ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Multiple Choice Quiz on Atomic Structure